Řím císařství (Roman Imperial)

Octavian as Augustus, 27 BC – 14 AD Denarius Colonia Patricia (?) circa 18 BC, AR 19mm., 3.15g. Slow quadriga right, its panels ornamented with Victories, surmounted by four miniature prancing horses; in exergue, CAESARI AVGVSTO. Rev. S P Q R PAREN Toga picta over tunica palmate; on l., aquila and on r. wreath. Below, CONS SVO. C 81. BMC 401 var. (PPiece of flan missing; otherwise toned and about very fine.Ex I. Vecchi 9, December 1997, 80.

Tiberius, 14-37 Aureus Lugdunum circa 14-37, AV 19.5mm., 7.84g. TI CAESAR DIVI – AVG F AVGVSTVS Laureate head r. Rev. PONTIF MAXIM Pax-Livia figure seated r. on chair with ornamented legs, holding long vertical sceptre and branch. C 15. BMC 46. RIC 27. CBN 13. Calicó 305a.A magnificent portrait of excellent style struck on a full flan. Good extremely fineThe aurei and denarii of Tiberius with the 'Pax seated' reverse are among the most familiar coins of antiquity, at the very least because the denarius is usually described as the 'Tribute Penny' of the Bible. The type was one of three used by Augustus in the final year of his life, 13-14, and was adopted by Tiberius, who struck it as the principal type of his reign. The figure on the reverse - a seated female holding a sceptre and branch - certainly must be Pax if it is meant to represent a deitiy or personification, as her attributes meet that requirement perfectly. More importantly: does 'Pax' represent Livia? For the answer we might look at later coinage that might have been designed with an eye to the past. Galba provides ideal evidence, as he honoured his old friend and patroness Livia (then diva) to help legitimise his own principate. The fact that Galba struck aurei and denarii with the deified Livia standing and the accompanying inscription DIVA AVGVSTA is enough to establish the connection. However, to learn more about the seated 'Pax' type of Augustus and Tiberius, we must look to Galba's sestertii. There we find a type with an identical seated 'Pax' with the inscription AVGVSTA in the exergue. Kraay (Aes Coinage of Galba, NNM 133, p. 58) rightly showed no hesitation in identifying the seated figure as Livia - not even as Pax-Livia. The combination of Galba's explicitly labeled aurei and denarii, and his remarkable sestertius, must lead us to conclude that the 'Pax' on the coins of Augustus and Tiberius represented Livia, as these coins still would have been current - even common - during Galba's reign, and he no doubt chose to depict Livia in the 'seated Pax' format because it would have been instantly understood by the public.

In the name of Antonia, wife of Nero Claudius Drusus Dupondius circa 50-54, Æ 31.5mm., 16.52g. ANTONIA – AVGVSTA Draped bust right, hair in long plait behind neck. Rev. TI CLAVDIVS CAESAR AVG P M TR P IMP P P S – C Claudius, veiled and togate, standing l., holding simpulum. C 6. BMC Claudius 213. RIC Claudius 104. CBN Claudius 204.Brown-green patina somewhat smoothed otherwise, good very fine / about very fine.

Erotic spintriae and tesserae, time of Domitian to Antoninus Pius. Tesserae circa late 1st – mid 2nd century AD, Æ 17.5mm., 2.49g. A·P·P·F within oak-wreath. Rev. Sceptre surmounted by bearded male head left. C vol. VIII p. 272, 53. Göbl Antike Numismatik 104.Patina somewhat broken, otherwise about extremely fine.

Claudius, 41-54 Bronze Berytus (Phoenicia) circa 51, Æ 21.5mm., 10.11g. TI CLLVD CLISLR, laureate head left. Rev. Two aquilae facing one another; behind, two signa and between, V/VIII. RPC I 4547. Rouvier 509.Minor marks on obverse; otherwise dark patina and good very fine.

Divus Vespasianus. Denarius circa 80-81, AR 21mm., 3.32g. DIVVS AVGVSTVS VESPASIANVS Laureate head right. Rev. Victory alighting left placing shield on trophy; below, Judaea seated left; in field EX/SC. C 144. RIC Titus 364. BMC Titus 112. CBN Titus 90.Lightly toned and very fine.

Nerva, 96-98 Sestertius circa 97, Æ 34.5mm., 20.29g. IMP NERVA CAES AVG P M TR P COS III P P Laureate head right. Rev. LIBERTAS – PVBLICA S – C Libertas standing left, holding pileus in r. hand and sceptre in l. C 114. BMC 112. RIC 86. CBN 100.Light green patina

Hadrian, 117-138 Denarius circa 119-122, AR 18.5mm., 3.30g. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN H – ADRIANVS AVG Laureate bust right. Rev. P M TR – P COS III Roma helmeted seated left on cuirass, holding Victory in r. hand and spear in l. RIC 78. C 1099. BMC 146About very fine.

Antoninus Pius, 138-161 Denarius circa 140-143, AR 18mm., 2.94g. ANTONINVS AVG PIVS PP TR P COS III Lureate head right. Rev. ITALIA Italia towered, seated left on globe; holding cornucopiae and sceptre. RIC 73c. C 463. BMC 213.About very fine.

Antoninus Pius, 138-161 Denarius circa 158-159, AR 18mm., 3.29g. ANTONINVS AVG PIVS P P Laureate head right. Rev. TEMPLVM DIV AVG REST COS IIII Octastyle temple, in centre statues of Divus Augustus and Livia. RIC 290a. C 804. BMC 939.Toned and extremely fine.